Know How to Spot Symptoms of Breast Cancer
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women worldwide. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment and improved survival rates. Being aware of the common signs and symptoms of breast cancer can help individuals seek medical attention promptly. In this article, we'll look at six common symptoms of breast cancer that everyone should know.
1. A Lump in the Breast or Underarm
One of the most well-known symptoms of breast cancer is the presence of a lump or mass in the breast or underarm area. These lumps are typically hard, irregular in shape and painless, although some may be tender to the touch.
Not all lumps are cancerous, but it is essential to have any new or unusual lump evaluated by a healthcare professional. Regular self-examinations can help individuals become familiar with their breasts and detect any changes early.
2. Changes in Breast Size or Shape
Breast cancer can cause noticeable changes in the size or shape of the breast. This may include swelling, shrinkage or an unexplained alteration in the contour of the breast. These changes might be more evident when comparing both breasts.
While some changes can occur naturally due to hormonal fluctuations, persistent or significant alterations should be checked by a doctor. Regular mammograms and clinical breast exams can help monitor these changes over time.
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3. Skin Changes on the Breast
Changes in the skin's texture or appearance on the breast can be indicative of breast cancer. This may include dimpling, puckering or the appearance of an "orange peel" texture known as peau d'orange. These changes occur due to the cancer causing a buildup of lymph fluid in the breast tissue. Redness, scaliness or thickening of the skin on the breast or nipple can also be signs of inflammatory breast cancer, a rare but aggressive form of the disease.
Any persistent skin changes should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.
4. Nipple Changes or Discharge
Breast cancer can cause changes in the nipple, such as inversion (turning inward) or retraction. The nipple may also become red, sore or scaly. Another potential symptom is nipple discharge, which can be clear, bloody or another color.
While nipple discharge can occur due to various benign conditions, any unexplained or persistent discharge should be assessed by a doctor. It is especially concerning if the discharge is bloody or occurs without squeezing the nipple.
5. Pain in the Breast or Nipple
Breast or nipple pain is another symptom that can be associated with breast cancer. Although most breast cancers are painless, some individuals may experience discomfort or tenderness. This pain can be constant or intermittent and may affect one or both breasts.
It is important to note that breast pain is more commonly related to non-cancerous conditions, such as hormonal changes or cysts. However, any persistent or severe pain should be evaluated by a healthcare professional to rule out cancer.
6. Swelling or Lumps in the Underarm Area
Breast cancer can spread to the lymph nodes in the underarm (axillary) area, causing swelling or lumps. These lumps may be felt before a tumor is large enough to be detected in the breast. Swelling in the underarm can also be a sign of an infection or other benign condition, but it is essential to have it examined by a doctor.
Lymph node involvement is a critical factor in determining the stage and spread of breast cancer, making early detection vital for effective treatment.
Importance of Early Detection and Regular Screenings
Early detection of breast cancer significantly increases the chances of successful treatment and survival. Regular screenings, such as mammograms, clinical breast exams and self-examinations play a crucial role in identifying breast cancer at an early stage.
The American Cancer Society recommends that women aged 45 to 54 get mammograms every year, while those 55 and older can switch to mammograms every two years or continue yearly screening. Women at higher risk of breast cancer, such as those with a family history or genetic predisposition, may need to start screenings earlier and more frequently.
